Royal Favorites Piers Gaveston and Hugh Despenser the Younger Destroyed Edward II's Reign

The reign of Edward II was characterized by military setbacks and disputes with barons, largely due to his favorites, Piers Gaveston and Hugh Despenser the Younger. Introduced to his father Edward I in 1300, Gaveston faced exile in 1306. Following Edward I's passing in July 1307, Edward II brought Gaveston back, only for him to be banished again by the barons in May 1308. Captured and executed in June 1312, Gaveston's demise fueled Edward's desire for vengeance. In October 1318, Edward appointed Despenser, triggering the Despenser War in early 1321. After achieving victories, Edward executed rebels and reinstated Despenser. In 1325, Isabella met Mortimer in Paris, choosing not to return. Their invasion of England in 1326 led to Edward II's capture and execution on September 21, 1327, amid escape theories. Edward III later executed Mortimer for regicide.