July Revolution of 1830: How France Overthrew Charles X and Crowned Louis-Philippe
On July 25, 1830, King Charles X enacted decrees that imposed press censorship, disbanded the Chamber of Deputies, and limited voting rights to affluent landowners. These measures ignited protests in Paris beginning July 27. The conflict escalated on July 28 when Marshal Marmont's troops encountered barricades, resulting in numerous desertions. By July 29, the rebels had seized control of the Louvre and Tuileries Palace, prompting a retreat by the army. Approximately 1,500 insurgents suffered casualties. On August 2, Charles X abdicated and fled to England. Subsequently, on August 9, Louis-Philippe, Duke of Orléans, ascended to the throne as King of the French, pledging loyalty to the Charter of 1830. This revolution also inspired Belgium's independence on August 25, 1830.
Key facts
- Charles X issued ordinances on July 25, 1830, restricting press freedom, dissolving the Chamber of Deputies, and reducing the electorate.
- The ordinances were published on July 26; that evening a royal carriage was stoned, and on July 27 press workers defied the shutdown.
- Fighting began on July 28 with barricades across Paris; the tricolor was raised on Notre Dame.
- By July 29, rebels controlled the Louvre and Tuileries Palace, and the royal army withdrew to the suburbs.
- About 1,500 insurgents were killed or wounded during the three days.
- Charles X abdicated on August 2, 1830, and fled to England and later exile.
- Louis-Philippe was installed as King of the French on August 9, 1830, accepting the Charter of 1830 and the Tricolor flag.
- The July Revolution inspired the Belgian Revolution on August 25, 1830, leading to Belgium's independence.
Entities
Artists
- Eugène Delacroix
- Thomas Lawrence
- Franz Xaver Winterhalter
- Maximilien Robespierre
- Napoleon
- François Gérard
- Nadar
- Amédée Bourgeois
- Victor Hugo
Institutions
- Louvre
- Tuileries Palace
- Chamber of Deputies
- Le National
- Bibliothèque nationale de France
- Royal Collection
- Wikimedia Commons
- TheCollector
- Le Moniteur
- Swiss Guard
- Palace of Versailles
- Museo del Prado
Locations
- Paris
- France
- England
- Southern Netherlands
- Belgium
- Notre Dame
- Rue Saint-Honoré
- Saint-Cloud
- Algiers