US Energy Department selects 5 firms for plutonium-to-reactor fuel program

The US Department of Energy has chosen five companies to negotiate contracts under its Surplus Plutonium Utilization Program, which aims to convert approximately 20 metric tons of Cold War-era weapons-grade plutonium into fuel for advanced nuclear reactors. The initiative seeks to repurpose surplus defense materials for civilian energy production, supporting the development of small modular reactors and other next-generation technologies. Selected firms include Oklo Inc., which is developing a compact fast reactor design, and other companies specializing in advanced fuel fabrication and reactor deployment. The program addresses both nonproliferation goals by reducing plutonium stockpiles and energy security by creating a domestic fuel source. Negotiations will determine specific terms, timelines, and cost-sharing arrangements for converting the plutonium into usable fuel forms. The effort aligns with broader US government strategies to modernize nuclear infrastructure and reduce reliance on fossil fuels.