Studio Darius Ou and Benson Chong create fully 3D-printed book Manual with raised G-code

Studio Darius Ou, in collaboration with Benson Chong, has developed Manual, a fully 3D-printed book that incorporates its own G-code into raised lettering on its pages. The book is produced using an XY-for-Z printing method, allowing pages, binding, and text to be formed in a single continuous sequence without assembly. The raised marks represent 2.5 percent of the machine code used to fabricate the book, limited by current FFF printing resolution. The project references the RepRap open-source printer initiative (2005) and its 2008 milestone of printing 48 percent of its own components. Manual is framed as a 'Replicable Book' (r-book), extending e-book logic by transmitting both content and form; it was launched in Toronto, where it was digitally sent and physically printed on site. The work explores the gap between instruction and construction, treating the page as both surface and fabrication record.