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Stéphane Audeguy's Novel Imagines the Life of Rousseau's Forgotten Brother

publication · 2026-04-23

Stéphane Audeguy's novel "Fils unique" (Gallimard, 2005) reconstructs the life of François Rousseau, the older brother of Jean-Jacques Rousseau, who was abandoned by their father and disappeared. The book opens in 1778 with the transfer of Jean-Jacques's remains to the Panthéon, witnessed by the 90-year-old François. Audeguy imagines François's story as a monologue covering his flight from Geneva at 17, his education with the libertine Count Maximin de Saint-Fonds, his life in Paris, imprisonment in the Bastille in 1762 for forgery, and a meeting with the Marquis de Sade, who was writing "The 120 Days of Sodom." François later retrieves the manuscript and sells it to a bookseller. The novel also depicts the Festival of the Supreme Being in June 1794 with Marat, Robespierre, and Saint-Just.

Key facts

  • Stéphane Audeguy wrote the novel 'Fils unique' published by Gallimard in 2005.
  • The novel focuses on François Rousseau, the older brother of Jean-Jacques Rousseau.
  • François was born in 1705, seven years older than Jean-Jacques.
  • He fled home at 17 and was later imprisoned by his father Isaac.
  • The novel begins with the transfer of Jean-Jacques's remains to the Panthéon in 1778.
  • François was educated by Count Maximin de Saint-Fonds, a French exile in Geneva.
  • He was imprisoned in the Bastille in 1762 for forgery and met the Marquis de Sade there.
  • Sade was writing 'The 120 Days of Sodom' on strips hidden in stones.
  • François later retrieved the manuscript and sold it to a specialist bookseller.
  • The novel includes the Festival of the Supreme Being in June 1794.

Entities

Artists

  • Stéphane Audeguy
  • Jean-Jacques Rousseau
  • François Rousseau
  • Isaac Rousseau
  • Count Maximin de Saint-Fonds
  • Marquis de Sade
  • Camille Paris
  • Beaumarchais
  • Charles-Joseph, prince de Ligne
  • Louis XV
  • Marat
  • Robespierre
  • Saint-Just
  • Girardin

Institutions

  • Gallimard
  • Bastille
  • Panthéon
  • Église Sainte-Geneviève
  • Charenton asylum

Locations

  • Geneva
  • Switzerland
  • Paris
  • France
  • Ermenonville
  • Germany
  • Aix-en-Provence

Sources