ARTFEED — Contemporary Art Intelligence

SFT Effectiveness in LLMs Explained via Interaction Perspective

ai-technology · 2026-05-20

A new arXiv paper (2605.17967) investigates why supervised fine-tuning (SFT) works well for small neural networks but can harm large language models (LLMs). Using interaction-based explanations, researchers found that SFT primarily removes noise-like interactions without acquiring reliable new ones, and this denoising phase is extremely brief. Continued fine-tuning introduces overfitted interactions. The study validates these findings across multiple LLMs and datasets, offering insights into early stopping and practical guidance for LLM training.

Key facts

  • arXiv paper 2605.17967 explores SFT effectiveness in LLMs
  • SFT removes noise-like interactions but rarely acquires reliable new ones
  • Denoising stage is extremely brief
  • Continued fine-tuning introduces overfitted interactions
  • Validated across multiple LLMs and datasets
  • Provides insights into early stopping
  • Interaction-based explanations used as metric
  • SFT can produce inconsistent or detrimental effects on LLMs

Entities

Institutions

  • arXiv

Sources