MASS: A Non-Profit Model for Architecture in Service of Society

MASS, which stands for Model of Architecture Serving Society, was established in Rwanda shortly after the 2008 financial crisis as a non-profit architectural practice. The firm aims to address perennial questions about architecture's effectiveness in tackling global issues such as housing, climate change, and human development. The article references Martyn Evans's piece 'Is Architecture in Crisis?' and Reinier de Graaf's book 'Architecture Against Architecture,' which outlines fourteen problems with the profession. MASS represents an alternative model of architectural practice focused on societal service.