LLM Value Alignment Varies Across Socio-Demographic Groups in Europe

A new study on arXiv (2608.07367) investigates how Large Language Models (LLMs) align with human values across different socio-demographic groups in Europe, moving beyond country-level analysis. The research uses data from the European Social Survey to compare the stated values of 10 prominent commercial LLMs with those of human respondents, examining 15 socio-demographic variables including education, income, occupation, and religion, in addition to country of residence. The findings reveal that LLMs are unequally aligned with the values of different socio-demographic groups, particularly those defined by education, income, occupation, and religion. This suggests that value alignment is not uniform across populations and that socio-demographic divides play a significant role in how LLMs reflect human values. The study addresses a gap in existing literature, which has largely focused on national or cultural boundaries. The paper is available on arXiv under the identifier 2608.07367.