L'Aquila: 20 Years After the Earthquake, a City Rebuilds

Nearly two decades after the 2009 earthquake, L'Aquila is undergoing a slow but steady reconstruction. The city, once dominated by cranes, now sees new shops opening in the historic center and cultural venues reopening. Awarded the title of Italian Capital of Culture 2026, L'Aquila projects optimism despite its complex history. Founded in 1254 as an anti-feudal city, it was razed by Manfredi of Swabia in 1259 and struck by earthquakes in 1315, 1461, 1703, and 2009. Its motto 'immota manet' (remains unmoved) contrasts with ambiguities like the unexplained 'PHS' on its coat of arms and the famous Fountain of 99 Spouts, which actually has fewer than 99. The city's 16th-century castle never saw battle, while the Basilica of Collemaggio remains a functional landmark. Post-earthquake, modern technology was used inside buildings, but visible contemporary additions are limited to Renzo Piano's temporary Auditorium and the C.A.S.E. housing project, nicknamed 'Berlusconi houses.' The MAXXI museum is housed in an 18th-century palace. The city's dualities persist, including its name: 'dell'Aquila' or 'de L'Aquila'?