Jack Cole Biography Reveals Choreographer Behind Monroe's Iconic Walk
A new biography, 'Jazzed: Jack Cole and Twentieth‑Century American Dance,' by dance critic Debra Levine, chronicles the life of choreographer Jack Cole (1911–1974), who shaped Marilyn Monroe's screen persona. Published August 11 by the University Press of Kentucky, the 336-page book details Cole's innovative 'jazz-ethnic-ballet' style and his role as Monroe's exclusive choreographer across six films, including 'Gentlemen Prefer Blondes' and 'Some Like It Hot.' Cole coached Monroe's breathy voice, sensual movements, and gestures, helping construct her sex symbol image. He custom-made high heels to demonstrate her walk and encouraged her 'dumb blonde' act. The book also covers Cole's troubled childhood, his abusive behavior toward dancers, and his genius as a dancer. Levine, who has written for the New York Times and Los Angeles Times, spent over a decade researching Cole, whom she calls 'majestically weird.'
Key facts
- Jack Cole (1911–1974) was a pioneering choreographer of American theatrical jazz.
- Cole was Monroe's exclusive choreographer across six films.
- Cole coached Monroe's breathy voice, sensual body movements, and gestures.
- He had custom high heels made to demonstrate Monroe's walk.
- Cole's signature style was 'jazz-ethnic-ballet,' blending Afro-Caribbean rhythms, ballet, and East Indian dance.
- The biography is 336 pages and published by the University Press of Kentucky.
- Publication date is August 11.
- Levine has written for the New York Times, Los Angeles Times, Dance Magazine, and Huffington Post.
Entities
Artists
- Marilyn Monroe
- Jack Cole
- Andy Warhol
- Rita Hayworth
- Debra Levine
Institutions
- University Press of Kentucky
- New York Times
- Los Angeles Times
- Dance Magazine
- Huffington Post