Edward Hopper's Nighthawks Misused as Quarantine Icon
Marco Enrico Giacomelli argues against the widespread instrumentalization of Edward Hopper's Nighthawks as a symbol of COVID-19 quarantine solitude. He reveals that the painting was created in 1942 during World War II, not a pandemic, and that Hopper himself was indifferent to the threat of bombing while working. The article draws on letters from Hopper's wife, Josephine Verstille Nivison, to show his abusive behavior, challenging the romanticized view of his work. Giacomelli highlights Hopper's love for Manhattan's cultural life and his rural scenes, such as Gas (1940) and Cape Cod Morning (1950), which depict solitude in non-urban settings. He notes that calls to domestic violence helplines have dropped during quarantine, suggesting a darker reality. The piece references a recent exhibition at Fondation Beyeler focusing on Hopper's landscapes, which was closed due to the pandemic. Giacomelli calls for a more nuanced reading of Hopper's oeuvre, moving beyond the 'painter of metropolitan loneliness' cliché.
Key facts
- Nighthawks was painted in January 1942, after the Pearl Harbor attack.
- Hopper was indifferent to the threat of bombing while working on Nighthawks.
- Josephine Verstille Nivison described Hopper as violent, misogynistic, and sociopathic.
- Hopper spent two-thirds of his time in Manhattan, enjoying its cultural offerings.
- The Fondation Beyeler exhibition on Hopper's landscapes was closed due to COVID-19.
- Gas (1940) and Cape Cod Morning (1950) depict rural or suburban solitude.
- Calls to domestic violence helplines have decreased during quarantine.
- The article critiques the use of Hopper's work as a quarantine symbol.
Entities
Artists
- Edward Hopper
- Josephine Verstille Nivison
- Marco Enrico Giacomelli
- Walter Wells
- Gail Levin
- Carter E. Foster
Institutions
- Fondation Beyeler
- Artribune
- The Museum of Modern Art
- Whitney Museum of American Art
- Phaidon
- Johan and Levi
Locations
- New York
- Nyack
- Manhattan
- Riehen
- Switzerland
- Cape Cod
- Orleans
- Milan
- Rome
- Lausanne