ARTFEED — Contemporary Art Intelligence

Did the Apostle Thomas Travel to India?

cultural-heritage · 2026-05-13

The article explores the tradition that Saint Thomas, known as 'Doubting Thomas,' evangelized in South India, possibly traveling further than the Apostle Paul. Key sources include the early third-century Acts of Thomas and writings by ancient Christian authors. Historians suggest Thomas may have made multiple journeys, first crossing the Parthian Empire to northern Pakistan, then returning to Jerusalem before heading to the Malabar Coast in Kerala, where tradition holds he planted seven churches. He is said to have died as a martyr in Mylapore, near Chennai, after being stoned and killed with a javelin. The Santhome Basilica in Chennai marks his tomb, built in 1523 by Portuguese missionaries and replaced by a Gothic cathedral in 1896. Today, around two million Saint Thomas Christians in Kerala trace their faith to him, worshipping in the Syriac tradition of the Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church.

Key facts

  • Thomas may have traveled to South India, establishing multiple churches.
  • The Acts of Thomas, an early third-century work, is a key source.
  • Thomas possibly made multiple journeys, first to northern Pakistan via the Parthian Empire.
  • Tradition says he planted seven churches in Kerala.
  • He died as a martyr in Mylapore, Chennai, stoned and killed with a javelin.
  • Santhome Basilica in Chennai marks his tomb, built in 1523 and replaced in 1896.
  • Saint Thomas Christians number about two million, mostly in Kerala.
  • They belong to the Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church, using the Syriac language.

Entities

Artists

  • Caravaggio
  • Rembrandt van Rijn
  • Stefan Lochner
  • Nick Thomson

Institutions

  • Santhome Basilica
  • Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church
  • Indian Orthodox Church
  • Portuguese King John III

Locations

  • India
  • South India
  • Kerala
  • Malabar Coast
  • Chennai
  • Madras
  • Mylapore
  • Tamil Nadu
  • Pakistan
  • Parthian Empire
  • Jerusalem
  • Palestine
  • Anatolia
  • Europe
  • Central Asia
  • Africa
  • Ravenna
  • Italy

Sources