ARTFEED — Contemporary Art Intelligence

The Watchers and Giants of the Book of Enoch: Ancient Myth Still Haunts

cultural-heritage · 2026-06-29

The Book of Enoch, an ancient text not included in the biblical canon, dates back to the 3rd to 1st centuries BC and describes the rebellion of angels as referenced in Genesis 6:1-4. Led by Semjaza, the Watchers descended upon Mount Hermon, took human wives, and shared forbidden wisdom. Their progeny, the Nephilim, reached heights of 300 cubits, engaged in plunder, and resorted to cannibalism. In response, God dispatched archangels Raphael, Michael, Gabriel, and Uriel to restore balance. Although the flood eliminated the Nephilim, their spirits transformed into demons. Later texts, such as the Book of Giants from the Dead Sea Scrolls (c. 200-100 BC) and the Book of Jubilees (c. 160-140 BC), emerged. The Ethiopian Orthodox Church maintains 1 Enoch in 6th-century AD Ge'ez manuscripts. Some fringe theories attempt to connect Göbekli Tepe and Stonehenge to giants, though these claims lack archaeological support.

Key facts

  • Book of Enoch written between 3rd and 1st centuries BC
  • Watchers led by Semjaza descended on Mount Hermon
  • Azazel taught metallurgy; other Watchers taught astrology and enchantments
  • Nephilim reached 300 cubits (450 feet) and turned to cannibalism
  • God sent Raphael, Michael, Gabriel, and Uriel to restore order
  • Nephilim spirits became demons after flood (Enoch 15:8-10)
  • Dead Sea Scrolls include Book of Giants (c. 200-100 BC) with giants Ohyah and Hahyah
  • Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church preserves 1 Enoch in Ge'ez manuscripts from 6th century AD

Entities

Artists

  • Enoch
  • Semjaza
  • Azazel
  • Michael
  • Gabriel
  • Raphael
  • Uriel
  • Noah
  • Og of Bashan
  • Merovech
  • Michael Baigent
  • Richard Leigh
  • Henry Lincoln
  • Nimrod
  • Ohyah
  • Hahyah
  • Mahway
  • Harut
  • Marut

Institutions

  • Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church
  • Dead Sea Scrolls
  • Qumran
  • The Louvre
  • Musee Fabre
  • RKD Images
  • Wikimedia Commons

Locations

  • Mount Hermon
  • Syria
  • Lebanon
  • Dudael
  • Jerusalem
  • Canaan
  • Bashan
  • Babylon
  • Göbekli Tepe
  • Turkey
  • Stonehenge
  • England
  • Ethiopia
  • Mecca

Sources