Allegations of Worker Exploitation and Health Issues at New Jersey Hindu Temple Construction

Construction workers involved in building the Baps Swaminarayan Akshardham temple in Robbinsville, New Jersey, have raised serious allegations regarding their treatment during the project's development from 2015 to 2023. The temple, recognized as the largest modern Hindu mandir outside India, has faced claims of labor abuse, visa fraud, and inadequate medical care. Workers, primarily Dalits from Rajasthan, India, report being paid as little as $1.20 per hour for 90-hour work weeks, having passports confiscated, and experiencing prolonged family separation. Health concerns are central to the allegations, with at least two laborers, Ramesh Meena and Devi Lal, reportedly dying from silicosis, a lung disease caused by inhaling silica dust during stone carving. Additional workers have been diagnosed with tuberculosis and chronic bronchitis. They claim insufficient personal protective equipment was provided, with surgical or cloth masks used instead of required N95 respirators. The temple organization denies these accusations, citing a ministerial exception under the First Amendment and asserting that workers received housing, meals, medical care, and other benefits. They emphasize the spiritual practice of Seva, or selfless service, as central to the project. In 2021, federal agents removed 90 workers amid forced labor allegations, though a criminal investigation concluded without charges in September 2024. A civil case seeking backpay and compensation for alleged harms is now proceeding. Human rights advocates describe the situation as modern slavery, linking it to historical exploitation of Dalits in India, where silicosis remains a significant health issue. The case highlights tensions between religious volunteerism and labor rights, with workers hoping for policy changes regarding R-1 visas and improved protections.